TUGAS 1
1. Accounting
ethics code
Code of ethics
of accounting profession is very important because to prevent the occurrence of
fraud (fraud). The Indonesian Institute of Accountants (IAI) is a recognized
organization of the Indonesian accounting profession profession. The Indonesian
Institute of Accountants - The Public Accountant Compartment (IAI-KAP) is a
forum for Indonesian accountants who run the profession as public accountants
or work in public accounting firms. In order to be a good accountant,
accountants must adhere to the rules and requirements that qualify it as a
professional accountant. With this code of ethics, accountants are not only
required to have hardskill related accounting skills. However, accountants are
also required to have good and moral behavior related to work.
2. Accounting
principles
·
The Principles of Economic Entities
Entity Economic Principles or entity unity principle is defined as the
concept of business unity. In other words accounting assumes that a company is
an economic entity that stands alone and separated from other economic entities
even with the personal owners. Accounting thus separates and distinguishes all
recording transactions both wealth and corporate liabilities with private
owners of the company.
·
Principles of the Accounting Period
In the principle of the accounting period or the principle of the period
is the valuation and reporting of the company's finances which is limited by a
certain period of time. Suppose a company runs its business on an accounting
period, from 1 January to 31 December.
·
Historical Cost Principle
This principle requires that any goods or services obtained are then
recorded on the basis of all expenses incurred in obtaining them. So when there
is a purchase with the process of bargaining, for example when the company wants
to buy a building in the ad installed price of 150 million but after dinego
only 100 million then that is assessed or recorded is the price of the deal
that is 100 million.
·
Principle of Monetary Unit
In this principle, transaction recording is only expressed in the form of
currency and without involving non-qualitative matters. All records are limited
to everything that can be measured and judged by the unit of money.
Non-qualitative transactions (quality, achievement, etc.) can not be reported
or can not be valued in money.
·
Principles of Business Continuity
This principle assumes that an economic or business entity will run on an
ongoing or continuous basis without any dissolution or discontinuation unless
there are certain events that can disprove it.
·
The Principle of Full Disclosure
The financial statements should have the principle of full disclosure in
presenting informative and fully publicized information. And if there is
information that can not be presented in the financial statements then be given
additional information. This additional information may be a footnote or an
attachment.
·
Revenue Recognition Principles
Revenue arises from an increase in assets generated by business
activities such as sales, revenue-sharing and others. Revenue is acknowledged
when there is certainty about the amount or nominal good large / small that can
be measured accurately with the property obtained from the sale of goods and
services transactions.
·
The Principles of Gathering
The purpose of the matching principle in accounting is the cost that is
met with the revenue received with the objective of determining the net profit
/ gross of each period. For example, in advance revenue transactions. This
principle is very dependent on the determination of income, if the recognition
of income is delayed then the charge on the cost also can not be done.
·
Principles of Consistency
The Consistency Principle is defined as the accounting principles used in
fixed financial reporting and used consistently (unchanged methods and
procedures). The goal is that the resulting financial statements can be
compared with financial statements in the previous period so that it can
provide more benefits for its users.
·
Principle of Materiality
The accounting principle has a purpose to uniform all rules. But the
reality is not all the application of accounting that obey the existing theory,
it is not uncommon disclosure of information that is material or immaterial.
Everything is applied in accordance with the domain of accounting oriented to
users of financial statements.
SUMBER :
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